莎士比亚戏剧方言的分类及其翻译

Classification and Translation of Dialects in Shakespeare's Plays

针对现有主要莎剧译本在方言翻译方面存在的问题,论文从社会语言学视角出发,将莎剧方言划分为地域、社会、时代、个人和舞台方言五大类,采用文本对比的方法,通过实例分析提出莎剧中方言翻译的原则:凡莎士比亚用来塑造人物形象、推动情节发展、烘托戏剧效果的各种方言,在译本中应尽可能体现,旨在让读者明白不同语言变体的社会和语用功能。

In view of the problems concerning translation of dialects in several Chinese versions of Shakespeare＇s plays, the paper attempts to categorize the dialects used in Shakespeare＇s plays into five types including geographical dialect, social dialect, temporal dialect, idiolect and stage dialect. Particular case analyses based on comparisons between linguistic systems or between different translated versions lead to the major principle that the functions of different dialects employed by Shakespeare to create characters, to develop the story or to achieve dramatic effect ought to be manifested in their translations as much as possible in hope of helping the readers or audience have some idea of the social and pragmatic functions of various language varieties.