截断众流——关于孟子思想之“正宗”的几点商榷

The Critique of Mencius' Orthodox Position

元至顺元年,孟子被朝廷加封为"亚圣公",地位仅次于孔子,祀于文庙。至此,自中唐时由韩退之倡道统并在《原道》中将孟子认作孔门正宗嫡传开始的孟子升格运动才告终结。但宋明以来被视为儒门嫡传的孟子及其主要思想,并不能在孔子的言论文本中直接找到理论源头。孟子在"性善论"、"仁"以及"学与思"等问题上与孔子皆有根本性的思想分歧。因此,关于孟子思想为孔子后儒学"正宗"的传统说法,乃是可以进一步商榷的。

In 1330, Yuan Government conferred posthumously ＂Secondary Saint＂ on Mencius, which was only next to Confucius＇ ＂Saint＂. Up until then, Mencius promotion movement launched by Hart Yu had been ended. But, the traditional point that Mencius was the orthodox Confucius＇ successor in Confucian- ism is not based on the Analects of Confucius. There was not enough evidence to support the point. In fact, Mencius and Confucius have great different opinions in ＂Human Nature＂, ＂ Ren＂ and ＂Study and Thought＂, so more discussions should be held about Mencius＇ orthodox position in Confucianism.