医院内下呼吸道感染细菌菌株分布特点及药物敏感性分析

Distribution of bacteria and analysis of their sensibility to antibiotics in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia

为探讨院内下呼吸道感染细菌分布特点和药物敏感性 ,对临床确诊的下呼吸道感染患者分别采取痰细菌培养及下气道分泌物培养共获得 196株细菌。抗生素敏感性测定采用KB纸片法 ,最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)采用琼脂二倍稀释法。结果发现革兰氏阴性细菌 (G-)以铜绿假单胞菌 (PA)和肺炎克雷白杆菌 (KLB)为主 ,分别占 30 %和 2 2 % ;革兰氏阳性菌 (G+)以表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为多见 ,分别占 14%和 12 %。药敏试验示 ,依米配能、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、复达欣、环丙沙星、阿米卡星对G-细菌有效率分别为 98% ,90 % ,90 % ,92 % ,90 % ,89% ;而万古霉素对G+细菌为 10 0 %。提示铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷白杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌是院内下呼吸道感染主要致病菌 ,依米配能、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、复达欣、环丙沙星、阿米卡星。

Objectives: This study was explore the distribution of the bacteria and their sensibility to antibiotics in hospital acquired pneumonia. Methods: One hundred and ninety six bacterium species were collected in patients with the hospital acquired pneumonia to make sputum culture. The sensibility of the bacteria to antibiotics were examined by KB paper method and the minimal inhibitory concentration by gel double multiple dilute method. Results: Most of the G - bacteria were pseudomonas aeruginosa (30%) and klebsiella bacillus (22%). Most of the G + bacteria were staphylococcus epidermidis (14%) and staphylococcus aureus (12%). G -bacteria were sensitive to impienem(98%), cefoperazone(90%), ceftriaxone(90%), leftazidime(92%), ciprofloxacin(90%), and amikacin(89%). The sensibility of vancomycin to G + bacteria was 100%. Conclusions: The pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella bacillus, staphylococcus epidermidis, and staphylococcus aureus are the most important bacteria in patients with hospital acquired pneumonia. Imipenem, cefoperazone, ceftriazone, leftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and vancomycin are effective antibiotics for treating hospital acquired pneumonia. [