佛教对中古论说文的沾溉与影响

The Effects of Buddhism on the Argumentative Essays in Ancient China

本文旨在探讨佛学经论对中古论说文的辐射与影响,以支遁、僧肇、刘勰的作品为分析对象,揭示了佛教影响论说文体的途径与方法,三人作品代表了中古论说文的最高成就,分别以"支理"、"肇论"、"文心"来指代。佛教对论说文的影响,在"支理"体现为:标新立异的耸听效果,论注参体的形式选择和条分缕析的论说方式;在"肇论"表现为:论序共纪的形式创新,"假致疑难"的论证方式以及华实相扶的语言追求;而"文心"则集中表现为"以兼为主"的论文观。具体来说,《文心雕龙》做到了辨体上论与说的统一、形式上理与辞的统一、创作上"弥纶群言"与"研精一理"的统一。

This paper aims to explore the effects of the theories of Buddhism on argumentations in ancient China. By focusing on the works of Zhi Dun, Seng Zhao and Liu Xie, the author intends to reveal how Buddhism influenced argumentative essays. The works of Zhi Dun, Seng Zhao and Liu Xie represented the highest achievements of argumentations in ancient China which is referred to as Zhili, Zhaolun and Wenxin. The influence of Buddhism on argumentations is embodied in Zhili in three aspects： maverick and sensational effect, annotation and argumentation alternation, and careful and detailed analysis. The influence of Buddhism on argumentations in Zhaolun is also reflected in three aspects ： innovative forms in preface and argumentation coexistence, argumentation of assuming questions and answers, and both flowery and plain language. The influence of Buddhism on argumentations embod- ied in Wenxin mainly displays an argumentation view of putting the minor first instead of the main part. Specifically, Wenxindiaolong achieved the congruity of argument and statement in the debating, the congruity of theory and language in form, and the congruity of various outstanding opinions and mastery of one theory in authoring.