美国农业信贷发展历程对我国农村金融改革的启示——兼论建立“二元信贷体系”的必要性

Enlightenment on China's rural finance reform from the development of American agricultural credit system——On the necessity of establishment of dual-credit system

我国目前正处在农业现代化的关键阶段,关于深化农村金融改革,建立起更加高效的农业信贷体系的需求愈发迫切。文章正是从这一点出发,一方面通过回顾美国在一百年前面临相似情形时进行的一系列改革措施,分析和总结了其成功的经验;另一方面,对我国目前农村金融存在的诸多问题进行了反思,旨在找出其中症结所在。通过对比中美两国农业信贷体系间的差异,得出了我国有必要建立起"二元信贷体系"的结论,并提出了相应的实施方略。

Our country is now at a critical stage in the modernization of agriculture, so the needs of deepening the reform of rural finance, and establishing a more efficient system of agricultural credit become increasingly urgent, based on which the paper is written. On the one hand, by reviewing a series of reform measures of the United States a hundred years ago in similar situations, its successful experience is analyzed and summarized. On the other hand, the problems on the China＇s current rural finance is considered, which aims to identify the crux. Finally, by comparing the differences between America and China＇s agricultural credit system, the conclusion is made that it is necessary to establish a dual-credit system, and the corresponding implementation strategy is also put forward.