抗日战争大后方司法改革论纲——以战时首都重庆司法实践为中心的考察

On the Judicial Reform of the Nationalist Government-controlled Area in Anti-Japanese War: From the Observation of the Judicial Practices in War-time Capital Chongqing

抗日战争大后方司法改革,是南京国民政府自建立以来推行司法近代化改革进程,在全民族抗战的特定时空下演进的一个重要阶段,反映了战时司法的特色。以战时首都和陪都重庆为样本,梳理和复原抗战时期国家司法制度的重大改革及其在大后方的实施状况,尤其是大后方司法审判制度的改革及其实践,探讨和归纳全民族抗战的视阈下,大后方司法制度改革的理性与经验,以及战时司法的社会功能,无疑有助于弥补抗日战争史研究和南京国民政府法制研究的薄弱环节。

The judicial reform of the Nationalist Government-controlled area in anti-Japanese war is one important phase of the judicial reform advocated since the establishment of Nationalist Government in Nanking under the background of all-China against Japanese invasion, reflecting war-time judicial feature. Using Chongqing practices, war-time capital, as an example, analyzing and restoring important judicial reform and its implementation in Nationalist Government-controlled area, especially the reform and practices in trial system, while summarizing rationale and experiences of judicial reform in war-time, it is undoubtedly helpful in filling the blanks of the anti-Japanese war research and legal system research of Nanking Nationalist Government.