波束形成三维传声器阵列声源识别的改进方法

Improvement of the sound source identification method based on beamforming of three-dimensional array

采用具有倾角的轮型阵列能消除平面阵列对其后方背景声源无抑制能力的缺点,降低对测试环境的要求。通过仿真计算获得了三维轮型传声器阵列波束形成指向图及典型最大旁瓣水平随阵列倾角的变化曲线,分析了阵列倾角对其声源识别性能的影响。在此基础上,提出了阵列多倾角测量声级平均的声源识别改进方法,三种类型声场声源识别的模拟计算结果表明:该方法在准确计算目标声源位置和幅值的同时,相比于一定倾角阵列的单次测量结果可以更有效地同时衰减阵列前方声波和背后背景噪声在聚焦方向上产生的旁瓣干扰,显著地提高了声源识别精度。

A planar array nearly has no ability to suppress background noise from its back side. In order to overcome the drawback of a planar array and lessen requirements to the test environment, the wheel array with a tilted angle is utilized. The beamforming patterns are simulated and calculated, as well as the typical maximal sidelobe level curves versus the tilted angles. The effects of the tilted angle on the sound source identification performance are analyzed. On this basis, the improved sound source identification method is given via averaging the pressure levels measured by the wheel array with different tilted angles. The simulation and calculation results of three types of sound fields indicate that this method can not only calculate the location and the strength of the source accurately, but also suppress the sidelobes more effec- tively than the single-measurement method by the wheel array with a given tilted angle. In conclusion, the improved method makes the precision of sound source identification much better.