中国早期传播者对马克思主义的认识——读朱执信的《德意志社会革命家列传》

Understanding of Marxism by Early Chinese Disseminators Reading Zhu Zhixin's Biography of German Social Revolutionary

朱执信是国内最早介绍和传播马克思主义的人之一。在1906年发表的《德意志社会革命家列传》中,他介绍了马克思的生平和拉萨尔的活动,指出马克思主义的社会主义学说与其他社会主义学说有着根本区别,抓住了马克思关于阶级斗争是历史发展的动力的思想,比较客观地评价了马克思关于剩余价值的论断。尽管朱执信对马克思主义的理解比较片面,介绍也不系统,但是,他的评介对马克思主义中国化起到了重要作用。

Zhu Zhixin is one of the earliest persons who introduced and disseminated Marxism in China. In the article titled Bi- ography of German Social Revolutionary written in 1906, he described the life of Marx and Lassalle＇ s social activities. He pointed out that there is fundamental difference between socialism theories of Marx and others. He grasped Marx＇ s thought about that the class struggle is the motion of historic development and relatively objectively evaluated Marx＇ s comment on surplus value. Though his understanding of Marxism was neither accurate nor systematic, his comments and introduction played an important role in lo- calization of Marxism in China.