入院健康教育执行单的设计与应用效果

Design and application results for the checking list of the executive of health education for admission to a hospital

目的探讨入院健康教育执行单在住院糖尿病患者入院宣教中的应用及效果。方法选择2012年2月～2013年5月华中科技大学同济医学院附属荆州医院糖尿病患者920例,分为对照组和实验组,每组各460例。两组患者在教育前入院知识掌握程度及行为、年龄、性别、文化程度、接受教育和住院次数等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组采用传统口头教育方法,实验组采用入院健康教育执行单进行教育,比较两组患者入院宣教后知识掌握及行为改变状况。结果入院宣教后,实验组和对照组患者非常满意的例数分别为456、428例,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。教育后实验组无法正确回答管床医生、护士及护士长的比例[3.48%(16/460)、1.96%(9/460)、11.96%(55/460)]低于对照组[6.52%(30/460)、7.61%(35/460)、17.17%(79/460)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);教育后实验组无法正确回答病区管理制度、病房设施使用、标本留取方法、公共安全及高危意外安全等项目的比例低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组和实验组在入院宣教项目中科室微波炉的使用方法及放置地点的认知差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论入院健康教育执行单在糖尿病患者入院宣教中的应用,加强了护士的责任心,保证了健康教育的质量,提高了患者对入院宣教知识的掌握程度及行为改变,提高了患者及家属对医院的满意度。

Objective To investigate the application and effect of the checking list of the executive of health education for admitting the diabetic to be hospitalized. Methods 920 cases of hospitalized patients with diabetes from February 2012 to May 2013 in ingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology were selected and divided into control group and experimental group with 460 cases in each group. The differences of master degree and behavior of hospital knowledge, age, gender, degree of education, education accep- tance, hospitalization times between the two groups were not statistically significances （P 〉 0.05）. Traditional oral teaching methods were used in control group, the checking list of the executive of health education were performed with experimental group; acquisition of knowledge and behavior change situation after the admission education between the two groups were compared. Results 456, 428 patients with great satisfaction were found in experimental group and control group respectively after the admission education, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. The pro- portion of incorrect answer on competent doctor, competent nurse, charge nurse in experimental group after applying the checking list of the executive of health education [3.48% （16/460）, 1.96% （9/460）, 11.96% （55/460）] were lower than those in control group [6.52% （30/460）, 7.61% （35/460）, 17.17% （79/460）], the difference was statistically signifi- cant （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.01）. The proportion of incorrect answer on the ward management system, room facilities usage, specimens collecting methods, public security, high risk of accidental security in experimental group after applying the checking list of the executive of health education were lower than those in control group, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The differences of knowledge on usage and placement locations of microwave oven in admission education was not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The applying of the checking list of the executive of health education for diabetic patients in admission education strengthen the sense of responsibility of the nurses. It al- so ensures the quality of health education, increases patients knowledge levels of admission to hospital and behavioral change~, improves the satisfaction of the patients and their families to the hospital.