国际地面沉降研究综述

Overview of International Land Subsidence Research

文章在介绍国际地面沉降会议历史及2000年第六届国际地面沉降会议简况的基础上,并根据2000年第六届国际地面沉降会议论文,对国际地面沉降研究进展情况分成如下六个方面进行了综述。地面沉降地质因素介绍了古代地面沉降、泥炭层沉降、地震砂土液化地面沉降和海平面上升研究状况。地下流体运移地面沉降方面介绍了以地下水开采为主的地面沉降问题及地面塌陷、天然气开采引起的地面沉降、均匀沉降对建筑结构的破坏和欠固结石英含水层的压密。固矿开采引起的地面沉降问题介绍了非溶解性矿开采引起的大区域沉降和溶解性矿开采导致的地面沉降。地面沉降灾害治理与决策制订介绍了保护威尼斯泄湖不受地面沉降影响的有关措施、地面沉阵引起的法律纠纷和防治地面沉降的社会决策制订。地面沉降测量与监测介绍了土层压缩性研究成果、放射性分层标技术、星载合成孔径雷达干涉监测技术及GPS和G1S在地面沉降监测中的应用。地面沉降计算与模拟介绍了地下水开采引起的地面沉降预测、矿坑涌水地面沉降计算、固矿开采引起的地面沉降预测、天然气开采引起的地面沉降预测和潜水变化所导致的地面沉降计算。

Based on introduction of the history of the international land subsidence symposium and the Sixth International Symposium on Land Subsidenc ( SISOLS 2000 ) and its proceedings ( Ravenna, Ifaly 24-29 Sept.2000) , the recent research situation of the international land .subsidence divided into the following six parts is overviewed in this paper. The geologic issues of land subsidence include ancient land subsidence,peat sinking, land subsidence due to liquefaction and sea level rise. Fluid removal of land subsidence includes land subsidence and collapse due to pumping groundwater, land subsidence due to gas-extraction, structural damage of u-niform subsidence and compaction of a poorly consolidated quantz-rich reservoir sandstone. Solid extraction of land subsidence includes land subsidence due to non-resolvable solid extraction and one due to resolvable solid extraction. Remedies decision-making of land subsidence includes interventions to safeguard the environlnent of the Venice Lagoon, legal afairs and social decision-making of land subsidence. Measuring and monitoring of land subsidence includes soil and rock compressibility, radioactive marker technique and SAR interferometry, and GPS ang GIS application in land subsidence monitoring. Theory and modeling of land subsidence includes prediction of land subsidence due to withdrawal of groundwater, simulation of land subsidence due to groundwater flowing into mine, time-space land subsidence prediction in mine area, predicgion of land subsidence due to gas-extraction and calculation of land subsidence due to phreatic flctuation.