精神分裂症智力与记忆、注意和执行功能的关系

Intelligence and Related Factors in Schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症患者智力与记忆、注意和执行功能之间的关系。方法 120例精神分裂症患者和60名正常对照采用韦氏成人智力测验第四版(WAIS-Ⅳ)中文版、韦氏成人记忆测验第四版(WMS-Ⅳ)中文版、威斯康星分类卡片测验(WCST)和持续操作测验(CPT)进行评估。结果精神分裂症患者的总智商、总记忆商、CPT和WCST成绩均低于正常对照(P<0.05)。精神分裂症患者总智商与总记忆商(r=0.837,P<0.01)、持续注意(r=0.613,P<0.01)和执行功能(r=0.466,P<0.01)呈正相关。多重线性回归分析表明,总记忆商和感觉辨别力是总智商的独立影响因素(P<0.001)。结论精神分裂症患者智力受损,注意功能和记忆功能下降可能是影响患者智力表现的因素。

Objective To explore the relationship of intelligence among memory, sustained attention and executive function of schizo- phrenic patients. Methods 120 schizophrenic inpatients and 60 healthy subjects matched in age, gender and years of education with the pa- tients were assessed with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-fourth edition （WAIS-IV） and Wechsler Memory Scale-fourth edition （WMS-IV）, Continuous Performance Test （CPT）, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST）. Results The intelligence quotient （IQ）, memory quotient （MQ）, scores of CPT and WCST were poor in the patients （P〈0.05）. IQ was correlated with MQ （r^0.837, P〈0.01）, the scores of CPT （r=0.613, P〈0.01） and WCST （r=0.466, P〈0.01）. The scores of CPT and MQ ＇were the independent factors related with IQ （P〈0.001）. Conclusion There is intelligence impairment in schizophrenics, which may related with the impairment of memory and sustained attention.