磁共振成像在帕金森病诊断中的应用现状及研究进展

MRI in Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease

帕金森病(PD)是常见的神经退行性运动障碍性疾病之一,其神经病理学标志包括黑质和腹侧被盖区多巴胺能神经元损失,并伴随路易体形成。尽管传统磁共振成像(MRI)T1、T2加权成像可以显示黑质结构,但其对原发性PD的诊断几乎没有帮助。近年来,MRI技术的发展和新图像分析方法如结构性MRI、扩散张量成像、血氧水平依赖功能MRI以及磁共振波谱等的应用,为PD无创伤性脑形态学及功能变化研究提供了有效手段。本文就以上内容做一综述。

Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is one of the commonest neurodegenerative movement disorders, the neuro- pathological signs of which includes loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra （SN） and ventral tegmental area, accompa- nied by Lewy body formation. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） T1, T2 -weighted imaging can show the struc- ture of SN, but it helps idiopathic PD less. Recently development of MRI technology and applications of new image analysis methods such as structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）, blood oxygen -level dependent MRI （BOLD -fMRI） and magnetic resonance spectroscopy provide effective means for the research of noninvasive brain morphology and functional changes.