不同年龄段小儿骨骼维生素K营养状况的评价与分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Nutritional Status of Bone Vitamin K in Children of Different Age Groups

目的探讨不同年龄段小儿骨骼维生素K的营养状况。方法随机抽取2012年1—5月于我院儿科进行常规体检的0～14岁健康小儿62例,按照年龄分为5组:0～3个月为A组(13例),>3个月～1岁为B组(9例),>1～3岁为C组(13例),>3～9岁为D组(14例),>9～14岁为E组(13例)。采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测所有小儿血清未羧化骨钙蛋白(UOC)及骨钙蛋白(OC)水平,计算OC未羧化率,以评价不同年龄段小儿骨骼维生素K的营养状况。结果 (1)A、B、C、D、E组小儿血清UOC水平分别为(0.57±0.77)、(2.47±0.69)、(1.60±1.02)、(1.76±1.01)、(2.34±0.90)μg/L,5组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=18.57,P<0.01);其中A组UOC水平均低于其他各年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)A、B、C、D、E组小儿血清OC水平分别为(21.5±18.7)、(41.2±22.7)、(30.1±19.9)、(38.9±17.1)、(69.1±35.6)μg/L,5组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=23.58,P<0.01);其中E组OC水平均高于其他各年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)A、B、C、D、E组小儿OC未羧化率分别为(2.5±1.8)%、(6.7±2.8)%、(5.4±3.2)%、(5.0±2.5)%、(3.6±1.7)%,5组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=15.65,P<0.01);其中B、C、D组OC未羧化率均高于A组,且B组又高于E组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)血清UOC、OC水平均与年龄呈正相关(r值分别为0.49和0.38,P均<0.01);而OC未羧化率与年龄无线性相关关系(r=-0.48,P=0.71)。结论不同年龄段小儿骨骼维生素K营养状况存在差异;其中>3个月～1岁小儿骨骼维生素K的相对缺乏程度较重,故此年龄段是佝偻病的高发年龄段。

Objective To explore the nutritional status of bone vitamin K in children of different age groups. Methods 62 healthy children under 14 years old admitted to our hospital from January to May in 2012 were divided into five groups ac- cording to their ages： group A （0 -3 month old, 13 cases）, group B （ 〉 3 - 12 month old, 9 cases） , group C （ 〉 1 - 3 years old, 13 cases） , group D （ 〉3 -9 years old, 14 cases） and group E （ 〉9 - 14 years old, 13 cases） . ELISA method was used to detect the UOC and OC, and un - carboxylation rate of OC was calculated to evaluate the nutrition condition of vita- min K in children of different age groups. Results （ 1 ） A, B, C, D, E groups＇ UOC were （ 0. 57 ± 0. 77 ） , （ 2.47 ±0. 69）, （ 1.60 ± 1.02）, （ 1.76 ± 1.01 ） and （2. 34 ±0. 90） μg/L respectively, and the difference was statistically signifi- cant （ F = 18.57, P 〈 0.01 ） . Compared with the other four groups, UOC level in group A was significantly lower （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. （2） A, B, C, D, Egroups＇ OCwere （21.5±18.7）, （41.2±22.7）, （30.1±19.9）, （38.9±17.1） and （69.1 ±35.6） μg/L respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （F =23.58, P 〈0. 01 ） . Compared with the other four groups, OC level in group E was significantly higher （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . （ 3 ） The un - carboxylation rates of OC of the 5 groups （A, B, C, D, E） were （2.5±1.8）%, （6.7±2.8）%, （5.4±3.2）%, （5.0±2.5）% and （3.6±1.7）% respective- ly, and the difference was statistically significant （ F = 15.65, P 〈 0. 01 ） . The un - carboxylation rates of OC of the group A was significantly lower than group B, C and D, and group B was significantly higher than group E （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . （4） The ser- um uncarboxylation osteocalcin and total osteocalcin were positively correlated with age （ r = 0. 49, r = 0. 38, P 〈 0. 01 ）. While there was no correlation, be±een the age and the un - carboxylation rates of osteocalcin （r = -0. 48, P = 0. 71 ）. Conclusion Vitamin K nutritional status is different in children of different age groups. The lack of vitamin K is more serious in 〉 3 - 12 month old children, which is the cause of high incidence of rickets.