试论小说中的第二叙述者

On the Second Narrator in Novels

叙述者是小说,也是叙事学中一个重要而复杂的问题。有的小说不只有叙述者,其背后,还有第二叙述者,如果叙述者与第二叙述者的取向不一致,便会造成叙事歧义。与叙述者一样,第二叙述者也是作者的虚拟人物,通过抽象的形式渗透在文本之中,读者可以绕过叙述者与第二叙述者进行秘密交流,从而容纳多元化的声音,编织富有弹性的艺术张力。

The narrator is an important and complex issue in novel study and narratology. Some novels have not only one narrator, but also a second narrator in behind. If the orientations of the two narrators are not consistent, the ambiguity in narration will happen. Just like the narrator, the second narrator is also a fictional figure created by the author, immersed in the text in an abstract way. So the readers can bypass the narrator and conduct a private dialogue with the second narrator, thus to accommodate diversified voices and weave a whippy artistic tension.