德里达“补充”概念的解构学意蕴

On the Deconstruction Implications of Derrida's Concept of Supplement

德里达作为西方解构主义的代表人物,在对卢梭《忏悔录》的解读中,对"补充"概念的文化内涵做了充分阐释,认为"补充"具有补充与替代的双重涵义,这两种意义的并存一方面是对"在场"与"完满性"的补足和修缮,另一方面又说明了"本源"与"在场"是永远不可能的。"补充"概念的双重意义致使人们对补充行为充满着矛盾心理,补充既可以使事物或事情更加完满,又由于替代使得补充成为对事物或事情的一种破坏,因而成为一种危险的补充。补充概念或行为的矛盾性揭示了"补充"更加深刻的文化意蕴,补充不仅解构传统哲学二元对立的哲学观念,而且补充作为一种替代所形成的"补充之链"是一个无休止的延异的过程,从而达到了消解本源性与本质性的目的。德里达对"补充"概念及其内在矛盾的解析以及文化意蕴的挖掘,揭示了"补充"概念的解构学意义就在于把"补充"概念作为批判"在场的形而上学"的一个有力武器,从而达到解构与颠覆"逻各斯中心论"的目的。

In his interpretations of Rousseau＇s Les Confessions, Jacque Derrida, the deconstructionist philosopher, makes an adequate elaboration of the cultural implications of the concept ＂supplement＂ In his view, supplement means both complement and substitution, the co-existence of which on the one hand .supples ＂presence＂ and ＂fullness＂ , and on the other hand suggests the impossibility of ＂origin＂ and ＂presence＂ . The dual meaning of ＂supplement＂ bring to people＇s sense of paradox that supplement is both perfecting and destructing of thing （s） . Paradox of the concept/act reveals deeper cultural implication of ＂ supplement＂ , for supplement not only deconstructs traditional philosophy of binary opposition but also undermines originality and fundamentality through an infinite deff6rance process of ＂chain of supplement＂ Den＇ida＇s analysis of ＂supplement＂ concept, its inherent paradox and its cultural implications explains the deconstructive significances of the concept, that is, it is a powerful tool for critique of ＂metaphysics of presence＂ and for destruction of ＂logocentricism＂ .