氮磷钾施肥水平对西北干旱区马铃薯生长及产量的影响

NPK Fertilization Rate on Growth and Yield of Potato in Northwest Arid Area

通过前期试验结果氮磷钾配施基础上,调节氮磷钾比例,分析其对西北干旱区马铃薯生长和产量的影响。结果表明:在氮(N)-磷(P2O5)-钾(K2O)施用比例为12-10-8 kg/667 m2的基础上,分别减少或增加磷、钾的施用量对马铃薯前期地上部的生长无显著影响,而减少或增施氮肥对植株的生长和出苗均有抑制作用;在常规施肥(N-P2O5-K2O比例为12-10-8 kg/667 m2)基础上增施一定剂量的磷肥(P2O:10 kg/667 m2)可有效促进匍匐茎的膨大,从而提高商品薯率和产量,试验获得的最佳施肥量N-P2O-K2O比例为12-20-8 kg/667 m2。

Basedon pravioustest rasultsoffertilizerapplication, NPKapplicationratiowasadjustedandtheinfluenceofthe N PK ratio on the growth and yield of potato was analyzed in the arid area of Northwestern China. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilizer application （12-10-8 kg/667 m2）, decrease or increase of potassium and phosphorus fertilizer rates had no significant effect on the abovegreund growth at the early stage, however, decrease or increase of nitrogen inhibited the emergence and plant growth. Increase of phosphate （P20510 kg/667 m2） based on the conventional fertilizer application rate （12-10-8 kg/667 m2） promoted stolons enlargement, thereby, the yield and marketable tuber percentage of potatoes shonld be enhanced. The experimental results indicated that the optimum fertilization rate of N,P and K was 12-20-8 kg/667 m2.