从“棱镜门”事件看美国的情报监督机制

On the United States Intelligence Oversight Mechanisms:A Glance from the "PRISM" Event

美国的情报监督机制是为了约束其情报机构的权利而建立的,情报监督机制的逐步完善与情报机构的不断发展紧密联系在一起。"棱镜门"事件,反映了情报机构为了维护国家安全,而对个人权利的侵犯,折射出情报监督机制所处的历史阶段,以及情报监督机制所面临的问题:个人对于情报监督机制不信任,互联网时代情报监督的困境,情报活动的"保密性"和监督机制的"公开性"的矛盾和个人隐私权与国家安全之间的矛盾。

Abstract To restrain the intelligence agencies＂ rights, the United States intelligence oversight mechanism was established, and it has been continuously improved with the development of the intelligence agencies. ＂Prism＂ event reflects that the intelligence agencies, in order to safeguard national security, infringes on the rights of the individuals, and also shows the development stage of the intelligence oversight mechanism and its existing problems. The individuals choose not to trust the mechanism, there are some new difficulties lies with the mechanism facing the interact age, and there is contradiction between the ＂confidentiality＂ of intelligence activities and the ＂openness＂ of intelligence oversight mechanism. In addition, it is also difficult to reconcile the contradiction between individual privacy protection and national security pursuit.