甲醛水溶液的电子束辐射分解

Electron Beam Radiolysis of Formaldehyde Aqueous Solution

介绍了在电子能量3～5MeV、最大束流功率约0．8kW电子加速器直接辐照下，3种不同初始浓度（25、500、11000mg／L）甲醛水溶液的辐射分解过程，并用紫外（UV）吸收谱和液相色谱（LC）法分析了辐解样品。结果显示：溶液中剩余甲醛的质量分数随吸收剂量的增大呈指数衰减，其主要辐解产物至少有4种，其中3种为包括甲酸在内的可确认结构的小分子产物，1种为大分子产物。此外还发现添加辐解助剂NaOH后，甲醛水溶液电子束辐解效率提高近2倍。以上结果表明，电子束辐射有望成为辐解各种浓度甲醛水溶液的高效手段。

Formaldehyde aqueous solutions of three different initial concentrations （25, 500, 11 000 rag/L） were degraded by direct irradiation via electron accelerator （maximum beam power 0.8 kW）. The radiolysis of formaldehyde aqueous solution was analyzed via ultraviolet （UV） absorption spectrum and liquid chromatography （LC）. It is obtained that the residual mass fraction of formaldehyde solution decreases exponentially with the increase of absorbed dose. At least 4 major radiolysis products, which include formic acid and one kind of oligomer, are discovered. And it is also found that the radiolysis efficiency can increase doubly with an addition of NaOH. Accordingly, electron beam radiation could be an efficient process for degradation of formaldehyde aqueous solution with various concentrations.