成人不同年龄社区获得性肺炎95例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 95 adults with CAP at different ages

目的探讨成人不同年龄段社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的临床特点。方法分析我院内科系统2012年7月～2012年12月95例CAP患者的临床资料,按年龄分为18～44岁组,45～59岁组,60～74岁组,75～89岁组,90岁及以上组,分析其临床特点。结果咳嗽伴咳痰在各组中的比例分别为75%、93.3%、77.1%、61.8%、100%;湿啰音的比例分别为50%、86.7%、45.7%、70.6%、66.7%;单侧肺炎的比例分别为100%、53.3%、57.1%、64.7%、0%;合并内科基础疾病的比例分别为12.5%、86.7%、94.3%、79.4%、66.7%;所有患者均予抗生素治疗,治愈率分别为100%、46.7%、71.4%、67.6%、100%。结论咳嗽伴咳痰、湿啰音是各年龄段CAP患者最常见的临床表现,除90岁及以上组,多数患者为单侧肺炎,抗生素治疗疗效确切,中老年患者合并内科基础疾病较多,预后较差。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of aduhs with CAP at different ages. Methods The clinical data of 95 patients with CAP were retrospective analyzed, and they were divided into five groups based on their ages： the group A aging from 18 to 44 years old, the group B aging from 45 to 59 years old, the group C aging from 60 to 74 years old, the group D aging 75 to 89 years old, and the group E older than 90. Results The rate of patients with cough complicated with expectoration in each group was respective- ly 75%, 93.3%, 77. 1%, 61.8%, and 100%. The proportion of rales was respectively 50%, 86. 7%, 45.7%, 70.6%, and 66. 7%, The rate of unilateral pneumonia was respectively 100%, 53, 3%, 57. 1%, 64. 7%, and 0%. The rate of patients complicated with other internal medicine diseases was respectively 12. 5%, 86. 7%, 94. 3%, 79.4%, and 66. 7% in the five groups. All patients were treated with antibiotics, and the cure rate was 100%, 46. 7%, 71.4%, 67.6%, and 100% respectively. Conclusion The common clinical symptoms of patients with CAP include cough complicated with sputum and wet rales. Except of the group E, the rest groups are with uni- lateral pneumonia. The middle-elderly CAP patients are easily complicated with other internal basic diseases, with poor prognosis. They can be effectively treated by antibiotics.