母语迁移的认知解析

A study of native language transferring from the perspective of cognition

从语言认知角度,分析了第二语言的习得过程,认为第二语言习得是一个母语与目标语相互博弈的、复杂的认知过程。在这一过程中,二语习得者一方面依照母语语言规则建立目标语形式下的中介系统,同时又通过不断获得的二语知识来不断修正这个中介系统,使其不断地接近目标语语言系统。中介语系统在客观世界和习得者的主观世界等各种因素和信息的影响和刺激下游离于母语和目标语系统之间。在各种影响因素中,母语和目标语信息刺激的强度比主要决定了中介语系统的走向。因此,如果外语教学能从多模态话语信息输入的角度进行改良和提高,将取得出人意料的效果。

This article analyses the process of the second language acquisition from the perspective of linguistic cog- nition and believes that it is a complex cognition process in which both native and target languages fight and try to keep a balance. In this process, second language learners build their own interlanguage system in the form of target language according to the rules of their mother tongue on the one hand;on the other, they correct this system with the knowledge they newly acquire from second language learning so that it moves towards the target language sys- tem. The interlanguage system shows great uncertainty because it always moves backwards or forwards between the native language and target language systems of the learners under the influences of all kinds of factors and informa- tion from outside and inside of the learners. Among these factors and kinds of information, the intensity of stimula- tions from the native language and the target language decides where the interlanguage system would go. So, if spe- cial attention is paid to the inputs of information of different modes, foreign language teaching can expect a great im- provement.