金元时期的词缀“儿”

The Affix‘er'in Jin and Yuan Period

儿缀在金元时期用法灵活多样,规模扩大,是其由成型至成熟承上启下的重要阶段。以金元时期六部有代表性的文献为语料,从分布、意义、功能三方面对儿缀进行详细考察。此时的儿缀多用作名词后缀,同时也出现了附加在动、形、代、副、数词等多种新的虚化用法;以表达韵律意义为主,示律功能显著;构词功能进一步发展,儿缀在金元时期的突出表现是语言内外部因素共同作用的结果。

The affix＇ er＇ had various usages and underwent many broadening process in its usage during Jin and Yuan period. Based on six typical documents in this period, this paper makes a comprehensive study on its distribution, meaning and function. ＇ er＇ in Jin and Yuan period was mainly used as suffix to noun, but other various usages also emerged, such as, used as suffix to verb, adjective, adverb, etc. ＇er＇s meaning and function in rhythm is very remarkable. The interaction between linguistic factor and social factor contributes to the salient use of affix＇ er＇.