心理干预对结核病患者心理健康状况的影响

Effect of psychological intervention on mental health status of TB patients

目的了解肺结核患者抗结核病治疗过程中心理干预的疗效。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持量表及领悟社会支持评定量表(PSSS)对300例肺结核患者进行心理测试,并将这300例肺结核患者随机分为对照组和试验组,2组进行相同的药物治疗及护理,试验组增加为期6周的心理干预及个别心理辅导。评定及比较2组SCL-90、社会支持量表及PSSS分值。结果肺结核患者SCL-90部分因子与全国常模有显著性差异,试验组患者负性心理明显好转,特别是人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等因子明显优于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);但社会支持及PSSS量表各因子在心理干预前后无显著性差异。结论系统有效的心理干预能有效改善肺结核患者负性心理,减轻心理压力,但不能改变个体对社会支持的利用及感受到的社会支持程度。

[ Objective] To know the effect of psychological intervemion on TB patients in the anti-TB treatment process. [ Methods] The symptoms self-rating scale [SCL-90）, the social support scale and perceived social support scale （PSSS） were used to have a psychological test on 300 TB patients who had been randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group. The two group were taken the same drug therapy and nursing while 6 weeks of psychological intervention and individual psychological counseling were added for the experimental group. The scores of the two groups of SCL-90, the social support scale and the PSSS were assessed and compared. [ Results ] The TB patients＇ part factors of SCL-90 had significant difference from the national norm, while the experimental group＇s negative mentality had been improved obviously, especially the factors of the sensitive interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, fear were obviously superior to the control group, and the differences between the 2 groups were sig- nificant （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; But each factor of the social support scale and the PSSS scale had no significant difference before and after the psychological intervention. [ Conclusion]The effective psychological intervention system can effectively improve TB patients＇nega- tive mentality, and alleviate the psychological pressure, but can not change the individual utilization of social support and the feel of social support degree.