甘南地区某金矿全泥氰化车间职业病危害因素调查

Investigation on occupational hazards in cyanidation workshop of a gold mine of Gannan region

目的了解甘南地区某金矿职业有害因素在各作业点的分布及作业工人个体接触水平,提出预防措施和个人防护措施。方法按照《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》、《工作场所空气有毒物质的测定无机含氮化合物》及《工作场所空气中粉尘测定》对全泥氰化车间进行检测及分析。结果氰化钠、氰化氢、氢氧化钠、矽尘、活性炭粉尘和噪声为该企业主要的职业病危害因素,检测结果显示,化学物质全部符合国家职业卫生标准限值。粉尘超限倍数超标率为37.5%。噪声8 h等效声级计算超标率为75.0%。结论矽尘和噪声是破碎筛分、磨矿分级、预浸吸附工段的主要职业病危害因素,应加强除尘和防尘设备的日常管理和维护,在密集的高噪声设备与预浸吸附罐区域之间加设隔声墙面。加强工人个人防护和加强职业健康监护,防止职业病的发生。

[ Objective] To understand the distribution of occupational hazards in operating points of the gold mine and individual exposure levels of workers, and propose preventive measures and personal protection. [ Methods ] In accordance with Air Sampling Specification for Monitoring of Hazardous Substances in The Workplace＂, ＂ Determination of Toxic Substances in The Workplace Air： Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds＂ and ＂ Airborne Dust Measurement in Workplace ＂ the cyanidation plant was detected and analyzed. [ Results] The main occupational hazards were sodium cyanide, hydrogen cyanide, sodium hydroxide, silica dust, carbon dust and noise. The test results showed all chemical substances were within occupational health standard limits. The rate of dust overrun multiple was 37.5%. Noise 8h equivalent sound level exceeded the rate of 75.0%. [ Conclusion] Silica dust and noise are the major occupational hazards in crushing and screening, grinding and classification, the prepreg adsorption section. It is recommended to strengthen the daily management and maintenance of dust and dust-proof equipment, and set additional sound insulation wall between intensive high noise equipment and prepreg adsorption tank area. Personal protection and occupational health surveillance should be strengthened to prevent occupational disease.