珠三角模拟池塘微宇宙与真实水库水结构和功能研究

Study on structure and function between simulated pond microcosm and real pond ecosystem in Pearl River Delta region

目的构建稳定的模拟池塘微宇宙系统,并比较真实水库水环境与模拟池塘微宇宙结构和功能的现况。方法以珠三角地区3个水库水[石岩(A),莲塘(B),塘尾(C)]为来源,构建3个池塘微宇宙模拟水生态系统,连续检测水库和微宇宙中溶解氧、细菌总数、叶绿素a、总生产量水平,比较不同水库水、模拟与真实水生态结构和功能的异同。结果在不同的时间点上,微宇宙与相对应水库的比较中,溶解氧、细菌总数、叶绿素a、总生产量水平未见明显变化(P>0.05)。不同水库/微宇宙的比较中,溶解氧水平:水库A/微宇宙A与B显著高于水库C/微宇宙C;细菌总数:水库C/微宇宙C>水库B/微宇宙B>水库A/微宇宙A;叶绿素a:水库B/微宇宙B>水库C/微宇宙C>水库A/微宇宙A;总生产量:水库B/微宇宙B>水库A/微宇宙A>水库C/微宇宙C,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同水库水中,以水库A水质最好,水库B次之,水库C最差;通过构建稳定性模拟池塘微宇宙,可以代替进行自然水库水生态系统的比较。

[ Objective ] To establish the stable simulated pond microcosm, compared the current status of structure and function between simulated pond microcosm and real pond ecosystem. [ Methods ] Three pond microcosms were established to simulate three aquatic ecosystems （ Shiyan （A） reservoir, Lianyang （B） reservoir and Tangwei （C） reservoir as water sources） in the Pearl River Delta region. The dissolved oxygen （ DO ）, total bacteria count, chlorophyll a and total productivity level were detected regularly to compare the differences in ecological structure and function between reservoirs and simulated pond microcosms. [ Results] At different time points, there were no significant differences in levels of DO, total bacteria count, chlorophyll a and total productivity between simulated pond microcosm and corresponding reservoir water （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The DO levels of reservoir A/microcosm A and reservoir B/microcosm B were significantly higher than those of reservoir C/microcosm C. The total bacteria count in reservoir C/ microcosm C was the highest, followed by reservoir B/microcosm B and reservoir A/microcosm A. The chlorophyll a from high level to low level were reservoir B/microcosm B, reservoir C/microcosm C and reservoir A/microcosm A. The total productivity from high level to low level were reservoir B/microcosm B, reservoir A/microcosm A and reservoir C/microcosm C. All differences were significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] Among three reservoirs, the water quality of reservoir A is the best, followed by reservoir B, and that of reservoir C is the worst. The stable simulated pond microcosm can replace the natural reservoir to compare the aquatic ecosystems.