大熊猫粪便菌群ERIC-PCR指纹图谱的分析及优势菌群的鉴定

Analysis of characteristics of faecal flora pandas by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting and identification of the dominant flora

探讨1只野生大熊猫和不同年龄段圈养大熊猫粪便菌群的多样性和相似性,并鉴定野生大熊猫圈养之后,其粪便中的优势菌群。对来自3个年龄段9只(3只亚成体、3只成年体、3只老年体)圈养大熊猫及1只野生大熊猫圈养前、后的11份粪便细菌的DNA进行ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析,并利用16S rRNA基因序列分析对优势菌条带进行鉴定。结果显示:该只野生大熊猫粪便菌群多样性比圈养大熊猫丰富;圈养大熊猫粪便菌群多样性:成年体>亚成体>老年体;16s rRNA和ERIC-PCR指纹图谱优势条带鉴定的优势菌结果有差异性。结果表明:大熊猫的肠道菌群多样性易受生长环境、年龄因素的影响;其次,不同年龄段的圈养大熊猫,其肠道菌群的相似性与年龄因素不相关;利用ERIC-PCR指纹图谱优势条带鉴定优势菌的方法有一定的局限性。

In the current study, the diversity and similarity of the gut were investigated for a wild giant panda and 9 captive giant pandas of different age groups, and the dominant bacteria of the intestinal flora was identified for the wild giant after the captivity. Fecal samples of captive pandas were collected from 3 subaduh, 3 adult and 3 senile pandas, and 1 wild panda before and after at Bifengxia zoological institutions in Ya＇an. Bacteria DNA was extracted from fecal bacteria and analyzed by ERIC-PCR. An advantage bacteria DNA band on the finger- print of the wild giant panda in captivity was purified, cloned, sequenced and alignmented. Then, the predominant bacteria were checked again via 16S rRNA method and compared with the results of identification of ERIC-PCR. The results revealed that the diversity of intestinal flora of the wild giant panda was more abundant than that of captive giant pandas and the diversity of feces intestinal flora of adult pandas group was most abundant than that of the other pandas in captive populations groups. In addition, the predominant flora results via ERIC- PCR fingerprinting and 16S rRNA method were not related, implyed that the ERIC-PCR fingerprinting method was limited. No significant similarity of the intestinal flora regarding to the ages factor was seen in all giant pandas. Our results indicated that the diversity of intestinal flora of the giant panda was susceptible to the growth environmental and age factors.