眼科门诊儿童患者干眼流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiologic feature of dry eye in ophthalmologic pediatric outpatients

目的：研究眼科门诊儿童患者干眼发病率,分析干眼发病与儿童年龄、视觉显示终端使用及结膜炎的相关性。方法：顺序统计眼科门诊儿童患者（7～13岁）128例,采用改良的眼表疾病指数（OSDI）调查表及泪膜破裂时间（BUT）评价干眼患病率及严重程度。结果：本组儿童总体干眼患病率为19.5%,其中7～10岁组儿童64例,干眼患病率为15.6%;11～13岁组儿童64例,干眼患病率为23.4%。7～10岁组儿童OSDI平均为1.55±0.61,11～13岁组儿童OSDI平均为2.15±0.83,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。7～10岁组儿童BUT平均为12.05±3.25s,11～13岁组儿童BUT平均为10.05±2.97s,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。每天使用视觉显示终端超过2h组儿童干眼患病率为43.3%,对照组为12.2%;近3mo曾患结膜炎组儿童干眼患病率为26.3%,对照组为8.3%;组间OSDI及BUT差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：相当一部分儿童患者合并干眼,其发生与患儿年龄、过度使用视觉显示终端及罹患结膜炎相关。

AIM： To study the incidence of dry eye among clinic pediatric patients, and to analyze the correlation between pediatric dry eye and age, video display terminals （VDT） and conjunctivitis. METHODS： There were 128 cases of ophthalmology pediatric outpatients （7-13 years） enrolled in this study in an order-statistic manner. Modified ocular surface disease index （OSDI） questionnaire and the tear film breakup time （BUT） were used to evaluate the prevalence of dry eye and severity. RESULTS： The overall prevalence of dry eye in this study was 19.5%, of which 64 cases （15.6%） of children belongs to 7- 10 years old group; another 64 cases （23.4%） of children belongs to 11-13 years old group. OSDI averaged 2. 15 ± 0. 83 in 11 - 13 years old group,which was higher than that of 7-10 years old group （1.5± 0. 61 ）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05）. In contrast, BUT averaged 10.05±2.97s in 11-13 years old group, which was shorter than that of 7-10 years old group （12.05± 3.25s）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （P〈 0. 05）. Those children who used visual display terminals over 2h every day had dry eye prevalence higher than that of the control group （43.3% vs 12.2%）. Similarly, those who suffered from conjunctivitis during the recently three months had dry eye prevalence higher than that of the control group （26.3% vs 8. 3%）. The differences of OSDI and BUT between groups of each case were statistically significant （P〈O.05）. CONCLUSION： A considerable number of pediatric patients suffered from dry eye. Growing age, excessive use of visual display terminals and conjunctivitis are important risk factors.