间充质干细胞对肝癌细胞增殖、侵袭及生物学行为的影响

Impact of mesenchymal stem cells on the proliferation, invasion and biological behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

背景:研究者们正尝试应用各种方法研究肝癌的发生机制、干预措施等,间充质干细胞因其具有低免疫原性及趋瘤性等特点,成为肿瘤研究热门的工具细胞。目前间充质干细胞已经开始应用于肝癌的研究中。目的:综述近年来间充质干细胞运用于肝癌基础与临床的研究进展。方法:第一作者应用计算机检索2004年1月至2013年1月PubMed数据库、中国期刊全文数据库有关间充质干细胞、经修饰的间充质干细胞对肝癌细胞影响效应及其作用机制的文章,英文检索词"mesenchymal stem cell,liver cancer,tumor",中文检索词"间充质干细胞,肝癌,肿瘤"。排除重复性研究,47篇文献符合纳入标准。结果与结论:干细胞运用于肝癌的研究报道较少,目前的研究结果显示,间充质干细胞对肝癌细胞增殖、侵袭等生物学行为有一定影响,然而因各实验室使用的细胞株种类、实验条件、动物模型、干细胞输注途径等诸多因素的不同,实验结果也不一致。学者们主要针对Wnt途径、肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体途径等机制进行了一系列的研究。间充质干细胞对包括肝癌在内的肿瘤细胞具有趋向性是公认的,利用这一特性,已经有学者将治疗基因、药物等导入或修饰间充质干细胞用于干预肝癌的发展,并取得了进展,为肝癌的细胞治疗提供了新的途径。但目前对间充质干细胞的体内安全性研究及临床实验报道较少,存在安全隐患,需要进一步研究探索。

BACKGROUND： Liver cancer pathogenesis and intervention have attracted increasing attentions. Mesenchymal stem cells become a popular tool for cell cancer research, because of their low immunogenicity and tumor tropism At present, mesenchymat stem cells have been applied to the study of liver cancer. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the advances of mesenchymal stem cells used in liver cancer in basic and clinical research. METHODS： An online retrieval of CNKI and Pubmed database was performed by the first author for the articles about mesenchymal stem cells and effect of modified mesenchymal stem cells on hepatoma carcinoma cells published from January 2004 to January 2013. The key words were ＂mesenchymal stem cell, liver cancer, tumor＂ in Chinese and English. Repetitive research was excluded, and 47 studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Stem cells are seldom reported in liver cancer, and the limited present study show that mesenchymal stem cells may have a certain influence on the hepatoma carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and biological ＇behavior. However, due to the differences of cell lines used by the various laboratories, experimental conditions, animal models, as well as infusion means of stem cells, experimental results are alsoinconsistent. Scholars have conducted a series of studies on the mechanism of the Wnt pathway and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand pathway. Tropism of mesenchymal stem cells to tumor cells, including liver cancer is widely recognized, so scholars imported therapeutic genes and drugs into mesenchymal stem cells to interfere with the development of liver cancer, and have achieved some progress. This evidence provides new avenues for cell therapy for liver cancer. Less safety studies in vivo and clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cells are available, therefore security risks deserve further research.