表皮干细胞的生物学标记物

Biological markers of epidermal stem cells

背景:大面积烧伤、严重创伤后皮肤缺损的修复问题一直以来是急待突破的临床技术瓶颈。随着组织工程时代的到来,表皮干细胞越来越多的被应用于组织工程、细胞替代治疗及基因工程等科技领域,因此其分离、鉴定成为备受关注的研究热点。目的:综述国内外关于表皮干细胞生物学标记的研究进展。方法:计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库、中文学术期刊全文数据库及PubMed、EMbase数据库有关表皮干细胞特异性标志物的文章,检索词为"表皮干细胞,整合素,角蛋白,P63,CD71,连接蛋白43,端粒酶,血管紧张素转化酶,烟酸己可碱,Epidermal stem cells,integrin,keratin,P63,CD71,telomerase,ACE,cx43,Hoechst"。排除较陈旧的理论观点以及重复性研究。结果与结论:最后纳入40篇文献。结果显示,表皮干细胞在皮肤组织工程中的应用为皮肤缺损修复的组织来源带来了曙光,研究发现表皮干细胞分布在毛囊隆突部和表皮的基底层,然而整个基底细胞中只有约4%的细胞是干细胞,因此正确分离、培养、鉴定表皮肤干细胞成为关键问题,由此表皮干细胞特异性标记物的相关研究成为热点。目前在表皮干细胞的生物学标记物方面已取得多方面的进展,迄今为止,尚未能找到一种绝对、公认的表皮干细胞标记物。研究主要集中在整合素、角蛋白、P63、CD71、连接蛋白43、端粒酶等方面,另外近年来烟酸己可碱、CD90、CD98、CD200在表皮干细胞的生物学标记物研究领域有所报道。研究发现每一种标记物都有其缺陷及不足之处,目前在表皮干细胞研究领域里仍有很多问题急待解决。

BACKGROUND： Repair of large-area burns and severe post-traumatic skin defects has always been urgent clinical breakthrough technology bottleneck. With the development of tissue engineering, epidermal stem cells are increasingly being used in tissue engineering, cell replacement therapy and genetic engineering. Therefore, the isolation and identification of epidermal stem cells is becoming the research focus of concern. OBJECTIVE： To review the research progress in biological markers of epidermal stem cells. METHODS： The Chinese Biomedical Literature database, CNKI database, China Academic Journals Full-text database, PubMed database and EMbase database were retrieved for articles about specific markers of epidermal stem cells using the keywords of ＂epidermal stem cells, integrin, keratin, P63, CD71, telomerase,. ACEcx43, hoechst＂ in Chinese and English. Older theoretical perspectives and repetitive research were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Finally, only 40 articles were included in result analysis. Epidermal stem cells bring a new source for skin tissue repair, Epidermal stem cells distribute in the follicle eminence and basal layer of the epidermis. About 4% cells in the basal layer, however, are stem cells. Therefore, it is critical to correctly isolate, culture and identify skin stem cells. As a reason, specific markers of epidermal stem cells become a hotspot. Currently, a great progress in the biological markers of epidermal stem cells has been made, but there is still no absolute and proven marker for epidermal stem cells. Most studies are focusing on integrin, keratin, P63, CD71, connexin 43, and telomerase. In addition hoechst, CD90, CD98, CD200 have been reported recently. Each marker has its own shortcomings, and there are still many problems that need to be solved.