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转录因子Sox9调控软骨发育的研究进展 被引量:3

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摘要 骨的发育主要有膜内成骨和软骨内成骨两种形式,其中软骨内成骨是体内大部分骨骼包括四肢骨、脊椎骨、颅底骨和一部分锁骨的发育形式.软骨内成骨包括软骨发生和生长板发育阶段.在软骨发生阶段,间充质干细胞分化为软骨细胞形成软骨原基.软骨原基是未来骨骼的雏形,原基内的软骨细胞有序分化、增殖和排列形成典型的生长板结构.软骨生长板在结构上包含4个分区:即静息区、增殖区、前肥大区和肥大区.静息区软骨细胞体积小呈圆形,细胞排列紧密,增殖少而且分化不成熟,表达Ⅱ型胶原蛋白(Col2a1).增殖区软骨细胞分裂旺盛,细胞扁平呈柱状排列.前肥大区为软骨细胞由增殖区向肥大区的过渡阶段.肥大区软骨细胞停止增殖进入终末分化阶段,细胞体积变大分泌一些特定的软骨基质如X型胶原蛋白(ColX)等.终末分化的软骨细胞最后发生生理性死亡,同时伴有成骨细胞、破骨细胞和血管侵入,成骨细胞分泌的骨基质最终取代软骨基质实现骨化.一系列的研究表明软骨内成骨受到多因素、多层次严格有序的调控,如全身性的生长激素和甲状腺素;软骨细胞分泌的Wnts、BMP、FGF、IGF和Ihh-PTHrp等信号.
出处 《医学研究杂志》 2013年第9期19-20,164,共3页 Journal of Medical Research
基金 第二军医大学大学生创新基金资助项目(ZD2012031)
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参考文献17

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