宁夏中部干旱带农业景观格局变化研究

Agricultural Landscape Pattern Change in Arid Region of Middle Ningxia

选择宁夏中部干旱带为研究区域,基于RS和GIS技术,运用人机交互目视解译方法对1987年、1996年、2005年和2011年的遥感影像进行解译分类,获得宁夏中部干旱带1987—2011年的农业景观解译分类专题图,采用Fragstats软件栅格版进行研究区农业景观格局指数的计算,在此基础上分析了研究区农业景观格局的变化特征。结果表明:研究区各类农业景观变化较明显,1987—1996年间,各景观类型斑块数增加,平均斑块面积减小,斑块密度变大,破碎化明显,而在2005年之后,朝着改善的方向发展。景观聚集度整体持续下降,表明景观中各种类型的斑块在空间的分布出现了均衡化,多样性和均匀性指数整体平稳增加,反映出研究区不同类型的农业景观的分配相对均匀,景观的异质性增加。

Taking the arid region of middle Ningxia as the study area,the remote images of 1987,1996,2005 and 2011were sensed and classified based on RS and GIS technology by using the method of Man-computer interaction visual sensing.The thematic map of agriculture landscape classification was obtained.The agriculture landscape pattern index was calculated and the change characteristics were analyzed by adopting the grid Fragstats software.The results show that agricultural landscape pattern changes greatly,the NP of various landscape increased,MPS decreased,PD increased,the degree of fragmentation is obviously from 1987—1996,the study areas are improving after 2005.CONTAG gradual declined,indicating the equalization trend of the various types of plaques,SHDI and SHEI showed an increasing trend which suggested that patch types became more and more balanced,and the heterogeneity of landscape increased.