环剥处理对“金魁”猕猴桃果实品质的影响

Effects of Girdling Treatments on Fruit Quality of‘Jinkui'Kiwifruit

以10年生美味猕猴桃良种"金魁"Actinidia deliciosa‘Jinkui’为试材,分别于盛花期和幼果发育期(盛花后20天)在距离结果母枝2cm处对结果枝进行不同环剥宽度(分别为结果枝直径的1、1/2、1/3、1/5和1/6)处理,以探讨不同环剥处理对果实品质的影响,为猕猴桃的高产优质栽培提供理论依据。结果表明,不同环剥处理的金魁猕猴桃果实品质差异较大。同一时期进行不同宽度环剥处理时,以宽度为结果枝直径1/2和1处理的果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、维生素C、干物质、固酸比和糖酸比显著高于对照。而同一环剥宽度不同时期处理时,除结果枝直径1/6的处理在盛花期能显著提高果实单果重和糖酸比而幼果发育期处理效果不明显外,其余宽度的环剥处理效果不同时期间无差异。综合考虑环剥处理对猕猴桃果实大小、产量、果实品质和营养回流等方面的影响,生产上可以在盛花期或盛花后20天左右对金魁猕猴桃进行结果枝直径1/2宽度的环剥处理,以提高果实品质。

In order to study the effects of girdling treatments on fruit quality of kiwifruit, the 10-year-old plants of cultivar--＇Jinkui＇ （ Actinidia deliciosa ＇Jinkul＇） were selected as materials. During full bloom and young fruit development period （20 days after full bloom）, the development uniformed branches were treated with different width of girdling （1/6, 1/5, 1/2, 1/3, 1 of diameter of treated stem with 2 cm a- way from the mother branches）. Then, the fruits of treated branches were collected and the quality was analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences on fruit quality from treated branches. At the same time for different width of girdling treatment, the fruits of treatment with 1/2 or I width of branch diameter had higher content of soluble solids, titmtable acid, soluble sugar, Vc, dry matter and ratio of sugar and acid than that of the control. When the same width of girdling was applied at different time, the treatment with 1/6 width of branch diameter had effect on fruit quality at full bloom, but no effect at young fruit development stage. Considering the effects of girdling treatments on fruit size, yield, quality and nutrient backflowing, etc, suggested that during full bloom or about 20 days after full bloom ＇Jinkui＇ kiwifruit can be treated with girdliug in width of 1/2 of branch diameter to improve fruit quality.