长三角区域一体化背景下城乡收入格局演变研究

Spatial Pattern of Urban-rural Income Under the Background of Regional Integration the Changjiang River Delta

以长江三角洲地区74个县级地域单元1989-2011年城镇居民人均可支配收入、农村居民人均纯收入为资料，采用变异系数和马尔科夫链等方法分析长江三角洲地区收入格局的时空演变特征。结果表明：1989年以来，城镇收入的整体区域差异水平先升后降，农村收入区域差异则持续降低；城镇收入格局由以上海为中心的核心一边缘结构，转变为从沿海到内陆收入递减的地带式结构，一体化发展以后俱乐部增长趋同现象明显；农村收入格局渐趋均衡，高收入极化现象有所缓解，但低收入俱乐部向上移动困难；农村收入增长依托于城市，但增长速度相对落后，导致城乡差距持续拉大。

Along with the constant improvement of the integrated spatial development pattern in the Changjiang River Delta, the evolution of social and economic spatial pattem has become a hot spot field in the research on the integration of the Changjiang River Delta, but the attention is paid insufficiently to the income spatial pattern which can mostly reflect the living standard of in- tegrated region. Analyzing the income pattern and spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of this region is beneficial for measur- ing the integration progress of the Changjiang River Delta region scientifically and comprehensively, and can provide a reference for other integrated development regions. Based on the data of urban residents＇ per capita disposable income and rural residents＇ per capital net income of 74 county-level regional units in the Changjiang River Delta region in 1989-2011, and by means of coef- ficient variation and Markov chain, etc., this article has analyzed the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of income pattern in the Changjiang River Delta. The result shows that, since 1989, 1） the overall regional difference of urban income has increased first and then decreased, while the regional difference of rural income has kept decreasing; 2） urban income pattern has trans- formed from the core-periphery structure with Shanghai as the center to the belt structure with income decreasing progressively from coastal areas to inland, and the club convergence, in terms of growth, has become obvious after integrated development; 3） rural income pattern has tended to be balanced gradually, the polarization of high income has been relieved somewhat, but it is difficult for low-income clubs to move upward; 4） rural income growth has depended on cities, but the growth rate is relatively slow, and this has resulted in the sustained enlarging of the income gap between urban and rural areas.