县域综合交通可达性与经济发展水平测度及空间格局研究——对山东省91个县域的定量分析

The Measuring and Spatial Structure Between Comprehensive Transportation Accessibility and the Level of Economic Development at County Level: Case of of 91counties in Shandong Province

在借鉴现有成果的基础上,基于山东省2009年交通、2011年经济相关统计数据,利用综合分析方法构建包括区中心城市的区位关系指数、县域道路连接程度、对外通达性3个指标的区域综合交通可达性评价模型,以山东省91个县市为例,分析县域综合交通可达性与经济发展水平的空间格局特征,构建16种空间组合类型,得出如下结论:①91个县市综合交通可达性与经济发展水平区域差异较大,变异系数分别为0.690、0.349;②91个县市的组合类型分为12类,以综合交通可达性与经济发展水平协调型、超前型为主;③沿海经济带、济南都市圈、胶济沿线地区综合交通可达性、县域经济发展水平均具有较好的优势,两者协调程度较好,处于高水平的协调,鲁西部县市综合交通可达性、县域经济发展水平较低,优势较弱,处于低水平的协调。研究县域尺度综合交通可达性与经济发展水平测度及其空间格局能够为区域协调均衡发展提供较好的理论和实践指导。

The relationship between transportation infrastructure construction and economic growth has become a research hotspot at home and abroad, but there are few studies about the spatial structure of the relationship between comprehensive transportation accessibility and the level of economic growth at county level. Compre- hensive transportation system is firstly mentioned in the 1950s, it refers to the comprehensive, dynamic, and complex system which is composed of five transportation modes including railway, highway, waterway, air- way and pipeline. At present, foreign transportation industry is well known as the ＂fourth industry＂. Under the background of global economic integration, the transportation from the original production conditions evolv- ing into national economic growth point and driving force, and expansion of space force contribution to region- al economic development is rapidly increasing. In recent years, China has invested large amounts of funds in transportation infrastructure construction, the rapid development of highway, railway, civil aviation and other transport modes, and high-speed rail and other new traffic tools deeply influenced regional economic spatial pattern, such systemic problems need to have further research. There is need for keeping up with the changes, in order to maintain coordination between transportation and regional economy, but it is rare about three-di- mensional, multi-dimensional, and high co-integration research at home and abroad. We need the correspond- ing research results to guide and support under the rapid development of economy and transportation industry. Based on existing achievements and 91 counties in Shandong Province, based traffic statistics in 2009 and the 2011 economic statistics in Shandong Province, the authors build a model of comprehensive transportation ac- cessibility indexes which include center city location index, county road links degree and opening accessibility, analyze the characteristics of spatial structure of the relationship between comprehensive transportation acces- sibility and the level of economic growth, and build 16 combination types. Those conclusions are achieved： 1） The regional differences is huge about comprehensive transportation accessibility and the level of economic growth, coefficients of variation are 0.690 and 0.349; 2） Combination types include 12 types which are maily identified as coordination type, advanced type; 3） Coastal economic zone, Jinan metropolitan area, areas along the Jiaozhou-Jinan railway has a good advantage in comprehensive transportation accessibility and the level of economic growth which is at a high level of coordination, but there is existing opposite situation in the western Shandong. The study about to the relationship between comprehensive transportation accessibility and the lev- el of economic growth will help to realize high level of coordination between transportation and regional eco- nomic development.