印度对外联合海军演习的发展趋势及战略影响

India's Joint Naval Exercises:Developmental Trends and Strategic Impact

近年来,印度海军与各国海军频繁举行的联合演习呈现出合作伙伴多、演习密度大、机制化程度高、双边与多边并重、政治意义和战术价值兼顾的特点。这些演习有助于印度全面提升海权,有利于印度的演习伙伴国在印度洋水域扩展势力,也有助于印度应对印度洋地区的非传统安全挑战。这客观上对中国构成潜在制约,但不会形成针对中国的同盟关系;也有助于缓解印度洋地区的非传统安全问题,对中国有一定积极影响。中国应密切而全面地关注上述联合军演的进展,并在东亚特别是印度洋地区推动开放的地区主义,还可考虑借鉴印度经验,积极与外国海军举行联合演习。

In recent years, the Indian navy has conducted joint naval exercises of varying size and scope with increasing frequency with a number of states. These exercises have the following characteristics： they involve many partners; feature high intensity of activities; have a high level of institutionalization; are both bilat- eral and multilateral in nature; and have both political and strategic significance. These exercises serve to enhance India＇ s comprehensive sea power, are beneficial to India＇ s partners in terms of enhancing their capabilities in the Indian Ocean, and help to respond to non -traditional security challenges in the Indian Ocean. They also have profound implications for China. Objectively speaking, such exer- cises could be construed as a balance against China, but fall short of amounting to an alliance against China; at the same time, the exercises do help in alleviating non - traditional security threats in the Indian Ocean, which China sees in positive light. China should closely monitor the above mentioned naval exercises, and should work towards an open regionalism in South Asia, and in the Indian Ocean in particular. It might also borrow from India＇ s experience and conduct joint na- val exercises of its own.