超声波辅助法提取鹅肥肝油工艺的研究

The Technological Study on Goose Fatty Liver Oil Extraction by Ultrasound

以鹅肥肝为研究对象,采用响应面分析法研究超声波提取法提取鹅肥肝油的工艺条件。试验采用超声提取法,鹅肥肝为试验材料,石油醚为提取剂。以鹅肥肝油收率为指标,料液比、提取温度、提取时间和超声波功率为因素设计四因素三水平响应面试验,筛选鹅肥肝油超声波提取的最佳工艺条件,并利用气相色谱法对该条件下制备的鹅肥肝油进行脂肪酸含量的测定。试验表明,1)采用优化的超声波提取法对鹅肥肝油的进行提取,大大缩短了提取时间。2)超声波提取法提取鹅肥肝油的最佳工艺为:料液比1∶5、超声波功率为400 W、提取时间为11 min、提取温度为35℃,鹅肥肝油的收率为67.44%,比溶剂浸提法提高22.22%。3)采用气相色谱法测定表明,脂肪酸主要为不饱和脂肪酸,其中棕榈酸25.08%、棕榈烯酸4.25%、油酸56.28%、肉豆蔻酸0.83%、亚油酸1.50%,共占71%以上。优化的超声波提取法是提取鹅肥肝油比较理想的方法。

In this paper, the goose fatty liver is the main object of study. The processing condition of extracting goose fatty liver oil by ultrasonic extraction was studied by response surface method. In order to get the optimum process condition of extracting goose fatty liver oil by ultrasonic extraction, the test used goose fatty liver as the test material, petroleum ether as the extractant, extraction efficiency of fatty liver oil as index, the solid - liquid ratio, temperature, time and ultrasound power as factors to design four factors and three levels of response surface test. The content of fatty acid extracted by the optimum process condition was determined by gas chromatography （GC）. The text showed that ： 1 ） The extraction time was reduced greatly by ultrasonic extraction. 2） The optimum process condi- tion of extracting goose fatty liver oil was ~ liquid solid ratio 1 ： 5, ultrasonic power 400 W, ultrasonic treatment time 11 min and ultrasonic treatment temperature 35 ~C. The goose fatty liver oil yield was 67.44% which was 22.22% higher than common solvent extraction. 3 ） The fatty acids of goose fatty liver oil ware detected by GC. The results showed that the content of unsaturated fatty acids include palmitic acid 25.08% , palmitoleie acid 4.25%, oleic acid 56.28% , myristic acid 0.83% , linoleic acid 1.50% which were more than 71%. The optimum process condition of extracting goose fatty liver oil by ultrasonic extraction was suitable in goose fatty liver oil extraction.