拉美解决粮食问题的典范——以委内瑞拉粮食主权运动为考察对象

Model of Solving Food Problems in Latin America ——Food Sovereignty Movement of Venezuela as an Inspection Object

粮食主权作为一种宗旨,正成为发展中国家解决粮食问题的指导思想,委内瑞拉查维斯政府在土地改革基础上推行的粮食主权运动是最早实践粮食主权宗旨的国家之一。通过对委内瑞拉粮食主权运动推行的背景、过程、措施的分析阐述,认为拉美各国只要在政府层面制定一个清晰的规划和农业发展战略,能够适应粮食市场的发展规律,提高小农的生产力水平,同时能最大限度地减少发达国家廉价粮食的冲击就可以真正解决粮食匮乏所带来社会、经济等问题。

As a tenet, food sovereignty is becoming the guiding ideology to solve food problems in developing countries. The food sovereignty movement on the basis of land reform of Chavez government in Venezuela is one of the earliest practical countries. Through analyzing background, process and measures of food sovereignty movement in Venezuela, the author believed that as long as Latin American countries made a clear plan and agricultural development strategies from the government level, it could adapt to the development pattern of grain market, improve the productivity of small famers, and minimize the impact of cheap food from developed countries, which could really solve social, economic and other issues led by food shortages.