东海小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)热泵-热风联合干燥技术优化及品质分析

QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF DRIED SEAFOOD PSEUDOSCIAENA POLYACTIS IN DIFFERENT DESSICATION STRATEGIES

为了改善东海小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)干制品的质量,采用热泵等各种干燥技术,对干制品复水比、色差值、T-VBN值、细菌总数以及能耗值等指标进行分析测定。结果表明,热泵联合干燥技术明显优于传统热风干燥技术。进一步对联合干燥过程中影响干燥速率和干制品品质的因素进行分析(包括装填物料量、循环风速、干燥室温度和相对湿度等)。研究得出:对重量为150g左右的小黄鱼,干燥室温度为50℃、循环风速为2.0m/s、装填物料量为10kg、干燥室相对湿度控制在30%时干燥效果最佳,并且节能明显,降低能耗达到34.6%。该成果的推广应用将大大降低水产品干燥过程中的能耗问题。

In order to improve the quality of Pseudosciaena polyactis dried products, rehydration ratio, chromatic aberration, T-VBN （Total Volatile Base-Nitrogen） value, total bacterial count, SMER （Specific Moisture Extraction Rate） and other evaluation indexes were detected, using heat pump drying （HPD） and other technologies to dry the seafood. The results show that combining heat pump and with hot air drying （HPD＋AD） was superior to conventional hot air drying technology. Furthermore, single factors （the amount of material, wind velocity, temperature, and relative humidity） affecting drying rate and quality were studied. As a result, for drying about 150g P. polyactis, the optimum conditions were： temperature 50℃, wind speed 2.0m/s, volume 10kg, and relative humidity 30%. The seafood quality dried in HPD＋AD could also save energy for 34.6%.