济南公交驾驶员高温期间患病影响因素分析

Influencing factors of illness incident during summer hot spell among bus drivers in Ji'nan city

目的探讨山东省济南市公交驾驶员夏季高温期间患病情况的影响因素,为在高温期间实施保护公交驾驶员健康的措施提供依据。方法采用定额抽样方法,在济南市公共交通总公司抽取532名公交驾驶员进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果高温期间有患病经历的驾驶员共310人(58.3%);不同性别、年龄、既往慢性疾病诊断史、健康状况、平均月收入、文化程度、工作年限、车型的公交驾驶员高温期间患病情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性和有既往慢性疾病诊断史的驾驶员高温期间患病的危险性增加,OR值分别为1.787和2.466;健康状况一般、较好/很好的驾驶员,高温期间患病风险低于健康状况较差/很差的驾驶员,OR值分别为0.334和0.111;空调车型与驾驶员高温期间患病风险降低有关,OR值为0.675。结论性别、既往慢性疾病诊断史、健康状况及公交车型是济南市公交驾驶员高温期间患病的影响因素。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of illnesss incident during summer hot spell among bus drivers in Ji＇nan city,and to provide basis for implementation of health protective measures.Methods With quota sampling method,a self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 532 bus drivers from Ji＇nan Public Transportation Company in September,2012.Results Overall 310（58.3%）bus drivers had illness experiences during the hot time.The differences in prevalence rates among the drivers of different gender,age,with different disease history,health status,monthly income,education background,work years,and bus type were statistically significant（P〈0.05 for all）.Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that females and chronic disease history were risk factors for illness incident during hot period,with the odds ratios（ORs）of 1.787 and 2.466.The drivers with general,good/very good health status were less likely to fall ill during hot spell than the drivers in poor/very poor health condition,with the ORs of 0.334 and 0.111;the air conditioning system in the bus contributed to reduce the risk of illness incident during hot spell,with an OR of 0.675.Conclusion Gender,chronic disease history,health status,and bus type are influencing factors of illness incident among bus drivers in Ji＇nan city during hot spell.