伤害死亡对期望寿命影响趋势分析

Impact of injury related deaths on trend of life expectancy

目的 以1985＆mdash;2011年上海市嘉定区死亡资料为基础,分析伤害死亡长期变化趋势、分布特点及对期望寿命的影响。方法 利用死因登记系统收集历年伤害死亡资料,描述27年来伤害死亡水平和主要死因,分析死亡率变化的时间趋势并估算年度变化百分比（APC）,计算伤害导致的去死因期望寿命和潜在寿命损失年。结果 1985＆mdash;2011年嘉定区伤害平均死亡率为56.28/10万,占全死因的7.81%,居全死因顺位第4位;伤害是1~39岁年龄段人群的首位死因,前5位伤害死因依次为交通事故、意外跌落、自杀、淹溺以及机械性窒息;交通事故死亡率从1993年开始上升,2005年开始呈下降趋势;意外跌落死亡率从1994年开始呈上升趋势,APC上升为6.35%;因伤害导致的期望寿命损失年数男性平均为1.28岁,女性为1.13岁,因伤害导致的潜在寿命损失年（YPLL）平均为1 208.16人年/10万,占总死亡YPLL的20.13%,并呈逐年下降趋势。结论 嘉定区伤害死亡率总体呈下降趋势,伤害仍是低年龄人群的主要死因,应重点关注意外跌落、交通事故的预防和控制。

Objective To study the long-term trend of injury related deaths,the distribution of causes of injuries as well as the impact of injury related deaths on life expectancy in Jiading district,Shanghai,from 1985-2011.Methods Data were collected from vital statistics and registration system of Shanghai.Mortality level,main causes of death during the period were described.Time trend of death was analyzed and annual percentage changes（APCs）were estimated.Data related to cause eliminated life expectancy（CELE）and years of potential life lost（YPLL）were also calculated.Results The average crude death rates of injury during the period was 56.28/100 000 and injuries accounted for 7.81% of all deaths,ranking the fourth among the main causes of death for local population in Jiading.Injury was the first cause of death for the residents aged 1-39 years.Traffic accident,fall,suicide,drowning,and suffocation were the five top causes of injury.The death rate of traffic accident rose from 1993 and decreased from 2005 while fall showed a rising trend from 1994 with an APC of 6.35%.During the 27 years,the average years of life expectancy lost due to injury in the males and females was 1.28 and 1.13,respectively,and the average YPLL due to injury was 1 208.16 person years per 100 000.The average proportion of YPLL due to injury on total deaths was 20.13%,while YPLL due to injury decreased annually.Conclusion The trends of mortality rates for injuries were declining,while the diseases of circulatory system and neoplasms were still the primary causes of death among the population of Jiading district.Injury is still the main death cause for young people,and the highest priority of injury prevention should be given to fall and traffic accident.