医学生心理亚健康自评问卷编制及信效度评价

Establishment and reliability and validity evaluation of a self-rated psychological sub-health questionnaire

目的初步编制医学生心理亚健康自评问卷,评价其适用性和信效度。方法在文献综述的基础上结合个别访谈和专家咨询,编制医学生心理亚健康自评问卷,并实测于499名医学生,通过Cronbach’sα系数评估问卷的同质性信度,通过探索性因素分析和相关性分析法评价问卷的结构效度,用区分法考评其效标效度。结果通过项目分析、探索性分析和主成分分析,确定该问卷由情绪反应、学习困难、厌世厌学、自我认知、躯体症状、异常感知6个因子共35个条目组成,累积贡献率为45.653%;其总体和各因子的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.877、0.850、0.732、0.690、0.510、0.642和0.632,总体信度较好,各因子基本达到要求;相关分析结果显示,每题与其所属因素的相关系数均大于与其他因素的相关系数,每个因素的内部一致性系数α均大于该因素与其他因素的相关系数,且各因子与总问卷的相关系数分别为0.834、0.664、0.651、0.438、0.645和0.607,表明问卷的结构效度较高;t检验结果显示问卷能有效区分不同群体的反应水平,具有较好的效标效度。结论医学生心理亚健康自评问卷具有较好的信度效度,简便可行,可用于医学生心理亚健康初筛。

Objective To develop a self-rated psychological sub-health questionnaire for medical students and to evaluate its validity and reliability.Methods Based on the results of clinical interview,case study,and literature review,we worked out a self-rated psychological sub-health questionnaire and 499 medical students were asked to complete the questionnaire.The data were analyzed with project analysis,exploratory factor analysis,and reliability and validity tests.Results The questionnaire was finally confirmed as a list of 35 items on 6 dimensions,including emotional response,learning difficulties,being world-weary or studying-weary,self cognition,somatization,and abnormal consciousness,with a cumulative contribution rate of 45.653%. The Cronbach ＆alpha; coefficients for the total score and 6 dimensions were 0.877 and 0.850,0.732,0.690,0.510,0.642,and 0.632,respectively.The related coefficients of 6 factors and the whole questionnaire were 0.834,0.664,0.651,0.438,0.645,and 0.607,respectively.Conclusion The questionnaire has a good reliability and validity,and could be used as screening tool for assessment of psychological sub-health among medical students.