地膜栽培对药用菊花植株性状和产量的影响

Effects of Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation on Plant Characters and Yield of Chrysanthemum morifolium

[目的]探讨地膜栽培对药用菊花植株性状和产量的影响及对其生长期间杂草的抑制效果。[方法]设置黑色地膜栽培和露地栽培2种处理,采用随机区组设计,观察杂草生长情况,并对产量和部分主要植株性状进行统计分析。[结果]将地膜栽培和露地栽培两个处理各小区的鲜花产量进行方差分析,差异达极显著水平。其中,株高、总分枝数和总花序数方差分析F值分别为1.7、4.0和1.4,均小于F0.05,而地径和百朵花序鲜重方差分析F值分别为10.0和13.8,均大于F0.05。[结论]相比露地栽培,地膜栽培能有效控制杂草,对药用菊花的株高、总分枝数和总花序数无明显影响,但对植株地径、百朵花序鲜重和产量影响效果明显。

[ Objective] To investigate effects of plastic film mulching cultivation on plant traits and yield of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and detect the inhibitory effect of weeds. [ Method ] Set two treatments the black plastic film mulching and open field cultivation, used randomized block design, observed the growth of weeds, and statistical analysed the yield of main plant characters. [ Result] The variance analysis was conducted on the yield of two treatments, the difference achieved extremely significant level; variance analysis＇ s F values of plant height, total branch number and total flower number were 1.7, 4.0 and 1.4 less than F0.05, variance analysis＇ s F values of the basal stem diameter and fresh weight of hundred inflorescences were 10.0 and 13.8 more than F0.05. [ Conclusion] Compared to open field cultivation, plastic film mulching can effectively control the weeds, had no significant effect on plant height, total number of branches and total flower number, but significantly increased basal stem diameter and fresh weight of hundred inflorescences, and yield increase reached extremely significant level.