塔里木河流域阿拉尔垦区不同土地利用类型土壤质量评价

Soil Quality Assessment under Different Land Use Types in Aler Reclamation Area of Tarim River Basin

不同土地利用类型的土壤质量评价已成为土壤科学的研究热点,开展干旱区绿洲土壤质量评价对绿洲土壤生态系统的开发与保护具有重要意义。以塔里木河流域阿拉尔垦区为样区,选取10年棉田、25年棉田、人工林、天然林、荒草地、撂荒地、盐碱地等7种不同土地利用类型采集土样,综合考虑土壤的物理、化学和生物学性质,分析了12个指标。在对数据进行统计分析的基础上,构建土壤质量评价最小数据集,通过土壤评价指数进行阿拉尔垦区的土壤质量评价。不同土地利用方式下土壤的理化性质和酶活性均存在一定差异;研究区不同土地利用类型的土壤质量评价结果为天然林>人工林>10年棉田>25年棉田>荒草地>撂荒地>盐碱地。垦区内部的土壤质量优于垦区外围。

Soil quality assessment of different land use types has become a hot topic in soil science. Carrying out soil quality evaluation in arid area oasis has important significance in development and protection of soil ecosystem. With Alar reclamation area in Tarim River basin as sam-pie plot, selecting 10-year cotton field, 25-year cotton field, plantation forest, natural forest, grassland, abandoned land, and saline-alkali land as soil sample, considering physical, chemical and biology properties, 12 indexes were analyzed. On the basis of statistic analysis, the minimum data set of soil quality assessment was constructed, soil quality evaluation for Alar reclamation region was conducted by soil evalua-tion index. The physical, chemical properties and enzyme activity had differences under different land use ways. The soil quality evaluation re-sults were as follows： natural forest 〉 plantation forest 〉 10-year cotton field 〉 25-year cotton field 〉 grassland 〉 abandoned land 〉 saline-alkali land. The soil quality inside the oasis is better than that outside the oasis.