气候变化对我国森林生态的影响

Impacts of climate change on forestry ecosystem.

阐述了气候变化对我国森林地理分布格局、物候期、生物多样性、森林结构及生产力的影响。研究表明,气候变化对我国主要造林树种地理分布的影响多发生在气候交错地带,少部分发生在适宜分布区域,树种分布可能向北或向高海拔地区移动;不同区域树种物候期推迟或提前,原区域的适宜物种减少,新物种随气候变化迁入;气候变化基本未改变我国森林第一性生产力的地理分布格局,但群落生物量水平将有所提高,不同树种森林结构变化不同。通过采取积极的适应性措施可降低气候变化的不利影响。

The influences of climate change on forestry geographic distribution, phenology, biodiversity, forestry structure, and productivity are expounded. The results show that the ge-ographic distribution of main forest types changed mainly in the joint climate area, partly in appro-priate chimate region. The vertical distribution of tree species probably may move to north and high altitude; the phonological dates may be prolonged or ahead of schedule,main species for plan-tation and rare species reduce in their optimal areas and new species move in. It is projected that the changing rate of net forest productivity will increase gradually from southeastern China to northwestern China, but the forest productivity patterns have no more change. Some main species structure is predicted to vary with global warming. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the adap-tation of the forest to climate change, planting trees and enlarging green areas,selecting species of resistance to arid,disease and pests.