珠江三角洲基塘变化特征及其空间类型

Change Characteristics and Spatial Types of Dike-pond in the Pearl River Delta

基塘是珠江三角洲地区特有的一种土地利用类型，被认为是典型的生态农业用地类型之一。本文利用1990年、2000年和2006年3期LandsatTM遥感解译数据中的基塘信息，分析了珠江三角洲基塘的变化规律，划分了基塘变化的空间类型。研究表明：1990～2006年，珠江三角洲基塘面积持续增加，由1990年的198729．00hm。增至2006年的318227．71hm^2，增长T60．13％；传统基塘区基塘面积减少，珠江三角洲中部基塘面积快速增加；转出类型以建设用地、耕地和林地为主，转入类型以耕地为主；根据基塘的综合扩展系数将珠江三角洲分成强扩展型、弱扩展型、相对稳定型和萎缩型4种。

Dike-pond is the specific land use type of the Pearl River Delta and generally accepted as one of the most typical eco-agricuhural land use. This paper has used the dike-pond information of dynamic RS data in 1990, 2000, 2006, analyzed on the changing rules of dike-pond, and divided the spatial types of dike-pond chan- ges. The results showed that during 1990-2006, the dike-pond area has increased 60.13% , from 198 729.00 hm2 in 1990 to 318 227.71 hm2 in 2006. The dike-pond area in the traditional dike-pond district was decreasing, and the dike-pond area increased rapidly in the central region of the Pearl River Delta. The dike-pond has mainly transformed into construction land, farmland and forestland, transferred to mainly by farmland. By calculating synthesized index, 28 units of the Pearl River Delta were divided into 4 classes： high expansion, low expansion, relative stability and atrophic type.