新疆棕熊的分布和种群数量

Distribution and Population of Brown Bear in Xinjiang

1992年 5月、6月、8月至 10月 ,1993年 9月、10月对新疆棕熊进行了全面考察研究 ,(1)分布和密度 :指名亚种Ursusarctosarctos :阿尔泰山 (一级密度区 ) ,密度为 5.5～ 7头 /10 0 0km2 ;天山亚种U .a .isabellinas :准噶尔西部山地、天山 (二级密度区 ) ,密度为 3.4— 4 .5头 /10 0 0km2 ;青藏亚种U .a .prainosus:帕米尔高原、昆仑山和阿尔金山 (三级密度区 ) ,密度为 0 .9～ 1.4头 /10 0 0km2 。平均密度 1.91～ 2 .6头 /10 0 0km2 。 (2 )种群数量 :一级密度区面积约 2 00 0 0km2 ,种群数量 110～ 140头 ;二级密度区面积约 96 0 0 0km2 ,种群数量 330～ 4 30头 ,三级密度区面积约 2 170 0 0km2 ,种群数量约 2 0 0～ 30 0头。分布区总面积 3330 0 0km2 ,种群数量 6 4 0～870头。 (3)栖息地 :山地河谷阔叶林～灌丛、针阔混交林、森林草原、针叶林、亚高山高山草甸、高寒草原和高寒荒漠。

An overall survey on Brown Bear in Xinjiang was conducted in May,June Augest to October of 1992,September and October of 1993.The result was shown as follows. 1.Distribution and density: Ursus arctos arctos: Mts. Aertali (first-class dengity area), the density was 5.5-7ind./1 000km 2; U.s.isabellinus: Mts. of western Zhungar and Mts. Tianshan(second-class density area), the density was 3.4-4.5 ind./1 000km 2; U.s.pruinesus: Pamir plateau, Mts. Kunlun and Mts. Aerjin (third-class density area), the density was 0.9-1.4 ind./1 000km 2, mean density was 1.91-2.61 ind./1 000km 2. 2.Population: The area of first-class density was about 20 000km 2 and the size of the population was 110-140ind.;of second class was about 96 000km 2 and 330-430 ind.; of third-class was about 217 000km 2 and 200-300 ind..The total area of the range was 333 000km 2,and the size was 640-780 ind.. 3.Habitat:In Mts.Aertai、Mts. of western Zhungar and Mts.Tianshan,the Brown Bear occurred in forest grassland and various vertical belts above it; In Pamir Plateau、Mts.Kunlun and Mts.Aerjin they occurred in high-cold grassland and high-cold desert.Habitats included such various vegetation types as broad-leaf forest-bush in mountains and valleys,forest mixed with needle-leaf and broad-leaf,forest-gressland,needle forest,sub-slpine and alpine meadow,high-cold grassland and high-cold desert.