低出生体重儿发生情况的影响因素研究

Study about the influence factors of low birth weight

目的 研究影响低出生体重儿发生情况的影响因素,为妇幼保健工作提供参考.方法 选取2010年1月～2013年4月西电集团医院妇产医院住院出生的低出生体重儿168例作为病例组,并选择同期、同性别的正常体重婴儿168例作为对照组,回顾性分析与其出生相关的因素.结果 单因素分析发现是否头胎（x2=3.086,P＜ 0.05）、孕期贫血（x2=3.074,P＜0.05）、妊娠高血压（x2=5.870,P＜0.05）、早产（x2=35.097,P＜0.05）、孕期情绪（x2=9.711,P＜0.05）、孕期食欲（x2=11.429,P＜ 0.05）是影响低出生体重儿发生的因素;多因素回归结果表明：孕期贫血（OR=1.872,95％CI：1.293～2.970）、妊娠高血压（OR=1.984,95％CI：1.309～3.299）、早产（OR=2.985,95％CI：1.532～5.672）、孕期情绪差（OR=2.216,95％CI：1.429～5.867）、孕期食欲差（OR=2.612,95％CI：1.228～4.740）是影响低出生体重儿发生的独立危险因素.结论 加强对孕期妇女情绪的调节,合理调节饮食,加强对贫血、妊娠高血压等重点对象的关注,是预防和控制低出生体重儿发生的重要环节.

Objective To study the influence factors of low birth weight,and to support the basic message to the healthy work.Methods 168 children with low birth weight from January 2010 to April 2013 in Xidian Group Hospital Maternity Hospital were chosen as case group,and 168 normal weight children in the same period and the same gender were selected as control group.Birth related factors were analyzed.Results First child （x2 =3.086,P ＜ 0.05）,anemia during pregnancy （x2 =3.074,P ＜ 0.05）,pregnancy hypertension （x2 =5.870,P ＜ 0.05）,premature （x2 =35.097,P ＜ 0.05）,mood during pregnancy （x2 =9.711,P ＜ 0.05） and appetite during pregnancy （x2 =11.429,P ＜ 0.05） were the influence factors of low birth weight according to the results from univariate analysis.Anemia during pregnancy （OR =1.872,95％CI：1.293-2.970）,pregnancy hypertension （OR =1.984,95％CI：1.309-3.299）,premature （OR =2.985,95％CI：1.532-5.672）,mood during pregnancy （OR =2.216,95％CI：1.429-5.867） and appetite during pregnancy （OR =2.612,95％CI：1.228-4.740） were the risk factors of low birth weight according to the results from Logistic study.Conclusion It is right to strengthen the regulation of mood,rationally regulate diet,enhance the concern of anemia,pregnancy-induced hypertension,it is the key of prevention and controlling the birth of low weight children.