巴西橡胶树剥皮再生及乳管发生的研究

Bark Regeneration and Laticifer Formation after Bark Stripping in Hevea brasiliensis

用光学显微镜技术研究了巴西橡胶树剥皮再生过程中的组织分化和乳管发生。研究结果表明：（１）巴西橡胶树茎干小面积剥皮后，新皮再生经过愈伤组织形成和维管形成层发生２个阶段。愈伤组织由靠近伤口表面未成熟的本薄壁组织细胞和木射线细胞分裂产生，维管形成层在愈伤组织内层发生，且是一个渐进的过程。（２）愈伤组织细胞不能分化形成乳管细胞。新生皮中最初形成的乳管组织从新形成的维管形成层细胞分裂产生，成列分布，并具有不同程度的密集紊乱现象，新生皮中第二列乳管正常。剥皮后用透明的或黑色的塑料薄膜包裹对乳管发生没有明显的影响。

Light microscopic observation was made on the tissue differentiation and laticifer initiation during the bark regeneration after bark stripping in Hevea brasiliensis stem. After a piece of bark (2.5 cm×2.5 cm) was stripped from the Hevea stem, the new bark regeneration involved two stages: the callus formation and vascular cambium initiation. The callus started to produce near the surface of the wound from the remaining immature xylem cells including xylem parenchyma cells and xylem ray parenchyma cells, and the vascular cambium was gradually initiated within the callus. Laticifer cells could not differentiate from the callus. The laticifers formed in the new bark originated from the regenerated vascular cambium were distributed as rings, but appeared to some degrees in a crowded and disorderly way. The second laticifer ring in the new bark was normal. No obvious difference in laticifer formation was observed between the wounds wrapped by black plastic sheet and by transparent plastic sheet.