葡萄糖酰胺非离子双子表面活性剂的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of Nonionic Gemini Surfactants of Gluconamide

以烷基胺、1,3-二溴丙烷为主要原料,采用两步法合成了不同碳链长度(n=8、12、16)的N,N′-二烷基(8/12/16)-N,N′-二葡萄糖丙二酰胺非离子双子表面活性剂。通过FTIR与1 HNMR对产物的结构进行了表征,用悬滴法对其表面张力进行了测定,用动态光散射对其粒度分布进行了测定,用改进Ross-Miles法对样品的泡沫性能进行了测定。结果表明:合成的葡萄糖酰胺非离子双子表面活性剂(8/12/16)的临界胶束浓度(cmc)及γcmc分别为5.627×10-3 mol/L、4.42×10-4 mol/L、2.96×10-3 mol/L和36.20mN/m、30.22mN/m、46.35mN/m;双子表面活性剂溶液粒径分布在130～1050nm;双子表面活性剂泡沫性能良好。

N,N＇-dialkyl-N,N＇-digluconamide diaceamine nonionic gemini surfactants with different chain length （8/12/16） were produced from N-alkylamine/D-（＋）-glucono-1,5-1actone and 1,3-dibromopropane by two-step method.The structure of products were characterized with FTIR and 1 HNMR.The surface tension was investigated by pendant-drop method,the particle size distribution was measured by dynamic light scattering,the foaming property was studied by the modified Ross-Miles.The results showed that the critical micelle concentrations （cmc） and surface tensions at cmc （γcmc） of N,N＇-dialkyl-N,N＇-digluconamide diaceamine nonionic gemini surfactants are 5.627× 10-3 mol/ L,4.42 × 10-4 mol/L,2.96 × 10-3 mol/L and 36.20 mN/m,30.22 mN/m,46.35 mN/m respectively.The particle size distributes at 130-1050 nm,and the gemini surfactants has good foaming properties.