中亚干旱荒漠区植被碳储量估算

Evaluation of vegetation biomass carbon storage in deserts of Central Asia

荒漠是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,荒漠植被碳储量研究是陆地生态系统碳循环研究的重要内容之一。中亚五国及中国准噶尔荒漠是中亚干旱区的主体部分,目前关于该地区荒漠植被碳储量的研究尚属空白。在对准噶尔荒漠不同植被类型活生物量碳大规模调查的基础上,结合中亚干旱荒漠区植被图,利用平均生物量法初步估算了中亚区域荒漠植被碳储量。结果表明:中亚区域荒漠面积共310.37×10~4 km^2,总生物量碳储量为57.03×10~7 t,地上、地下生物量碳分别为28.87×10~7 t和28.16×10~7 t,各占50.63%和49.37%。各植被型中,温带半灌木、矮半灌木荒漠的生物量碳储量最大,达到14.17×10~7 t(占24.84%)。中亚荒漠平均生物量碳密度为1.837 t/hm^2,其中温带矮半乔木荒漠碳密度最大(2.367 t/hm^2)。可以推测,在未来中亚地区降水持续增加的条件下下,中亚荒漠植被将会有更大的碳汇潜力。

The deserts are one of important components of the terrestrial ecosystems, and the vegetation biomass carbon storage in the deserts is an important research content in the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystem. The arid region of Central Asia is located in the center of Eurasia, and it is also one of the most important arid regions in the world. The five nations of Central Asia and the Junggar Desert of China are the main part of the arid region of Central Asia, where the climate and vegetation composition are similar. However, the research of vegetation biomass carbon storage is still almost in blank. Based on a large scale survey of live biomass carbon of different vegetation types in the Junggar Desert and combined with the vegetation atlas of Central Asia, the preliminary evaluation of vegetation carbon storage was performed by the average-biomass computing method. The result showed that the area of arid re- gion of Central Asia is 310.37 × 104 km2 and the total vegetation biomass carbon storage is 57.03 × 107 t. The aboveg- round and belowground carbon storages are 28.87× 107 t and 28.16 × 107 t respectively, which account for 50.63% and 49.37%. The vegetation type of temperate semi-shrub and dwarf semi-shrub exhibites the largest carbon storag- es （ 14.17 × 107 t, accounting for 24.84% ） among seven vegetation types. The average biomass carbon density of arid region of Central Asia is 1.837 t/hm2, and the vegetation type of temperate dwarf semi-tree shows the highest value of carbon density （2.367 t/hm2）. It can be predicted that under condition of increasing precipitation in Central Asia in the future, there will be more potential vegetation carbon sink in this region.