高寒半干旱区旱滩地莜麦肥水效应初析

The effect of the water and fertilizer on naked oats in shoaly land in semiarid region with cold and high elevation

从水肥耦合的角度 ,研究了高寒半干旱区旱滩地莜麦的水肥产量效应。结果表明 :不同供水条件下 ,施肥量的增加 ,使莜麦株高增大 ,穗部性状改善。从不同水肥处理的产量反应看 ,平水高肥处理 (N12 0 P90 W350 )增产效果最大 ,较干旱年N0 P0 增产 5 81 7% ,且其水分利用效率也达最高 ,为 3 44kg·mm-1·hm-2 。在相同施肥水平下 ,与干旱年型相比 ,其它年型水分增产达 14 5 %～ 32 2 6 % ;而同一降水年型下 ,不同施肥处理比N0 P0 增产仅 2 17%～149 94%。水分增产效果大于施肥效果。水是旱滩地上莜麦产量提高的主要限制因子 。

This paper studied the yield effect of water and fertilizer on naked oats in shoaly land in semiarid region with cold and high elevation with the view of the water fertilizer coupling. The results showed that the add of the amount of fertilizer application under the different irrigation norm in the period of duration of naked oats, could raise the plant height, improve the ear character. The increase production effect of the treatment of N 120 P 90 W 350 was the largest, which increased by 581.7% than N 0P 0 in the dry year. And the water use efficiency of N 120 P 90 W 350 was the highest as 3.44 kg·mm -1 ·hm -2 . The yield of naked oats in different conditions of fertilizer application and water was 14.5%～322.6% in other year types than that in dry year type under the same level of fertilizer application.But the different fertilizer treatments increased only by 2 17%～149.94% than N 0P 0 under the same precipitation year type. The increase production effect of water was larger than that of the fertilizer application. Water was the main limiting factor for raising the yield of naked oats in shoaly land while the fertility was the second factor.